Q1.Turpentine is obtained from
A. pines
B. cedrus
C. eucalyptus
D. taxus
Ans.A
Exp. Turpentine, also known as the spirit of turpentine, oil of turpentine, wood turpentine, or simply turps, is a liquid derived from distilling resin from live trees, primarily pines. It is used mainly as a solvent and raw organic synthesis material.
Q2. The metal ion involved in Stomatal regulations is
A. Iron
B. Magnesium
C. Zinc
D. Potassium
Ans.D
Exp. Each stoma consists of two guard cells, which may be dumbbell-shaped or kidney-shaped, depending on the plant species, and are encircled by specialized epidermal cells called subsidiary cells. The opening and closing of the stomatal aperture are regulated by the turgidity of the guard cells, which is affected by the movement of K+ ions into or out of these cells.
Q3. Which one of the following is concerned with the production of ATP molecules?
A. cristae
B. cisternae
C. vesicles
D. lamellae
Ans.A
Exp.The majority of ATP generated in aerobic cellular respiration comes from oxidative phosphorylation. Biology textbooks commonly mention that up to 38 ATP molecules can be produced per glucose molecule oxidized during cellular respiration—2 from glycolysis, 2 from the Krebs cycle, and approximately 34 from the electron transport chain.
Q4. Match List I correctly with List II and select your answer using the codes given below:List-I
A. Chlorella
B. Yeast fixation
C. Penicillium protein
D. Rhizobium
List-II
1. Antibiotic
2. Nitrogen
3. Single cell
4. Fermentation
A. A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2
B. A-1, B-3, C-4, D-2
C. A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3
D. A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2
Ans.D
Exp. Chlorella is a genus of single-celled green algae in the Chlorophyta division. It is spherical, measuring about 2 to 10 μm in diameter, and lacks flagella. Chlorella’s chloroplasts contain the green photosynthetic pigments chlorophyll-a and chlorophyll-b. Rhizobium is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria known for its ability to fix nitrogen. These bacteria form an endosymbiotic relationship with the roots of legumes and Parasponia, facilitating nitrogen fixation. Penicillium, an ascomycetous fungus, is important in both the natural environment and in food and pharmaceutical production. Certain species of Penicillium produce penicillin, an antibiotic that kills or inhibits the growth of specific bacteria.
Q5. The ratio 3 : 1 is obtained in
A. dihybrid cross
B. monohybrid cross
C. crossing over
D. mutation
Ans.B
Exp. A monohybrid cross is a genetic pairing between individuals with homozygous genotypes, meaning their genotypes consist entirely of dominant or recessive alleles. This leads to contrasting phenotypes for a specific genetic trait.
Q6. Consider, the following statements:
Assertion (A) : Rhizopus lives on bread
Reason (R) : Because it is a parasite.
Now select your answer using the codes given below:
A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true, but R is false
D. A is false, but R is true
Ans.C
Exp. Additional information: Rhizopus is a genus of fungi that is commonly saprophytic in plants and specialized parasites in animals. They thrive on a wide range of organic materials, including “mature fruits and vegetables,” jellies, syrups, leather, bread, peanuts, and tobacco.
Q7. Which of the following is NOT correctly matched?
A.Auxin enlargement – Cell
B.Gibberellin synthesis – Amylase
C.Cytokinin – ageing promotes
D.Ethylene – Fruit ripening
Ans.D
Exp. Ethylene is a vital industrial organic chemical. It is generated by heating natural gas, particularly its ethane and propane components, or petroleum to temperatures between 800 and 900 °C (1,470 and 1,650 °F). The resulting mixture of gases is then processed to isolate the ethylene.
Q8. Coralloid roots are found in
A. paddy
B. getum
C. araucaria
D. cycas
Ans.D
Exp.The coralloid roots harbor symbiotic cyanobacteria (blue-green algae), which are responsible for nitrogen fixation and, in collaboration with root tissues, produce beneficial amino acids like asparagine and citrulline.
Q9. Pulses contain large amount of
A. fats
B. vitamins
C. proteins
D. minerals
Ans.C
Q10.Which one is a Xerophyte?
A. Hydrilla
B. Nelumbium
C. Nerium
D. Ceratophyllum
Ans.C
Exp.A xerophyte is a type of plant adapted to thrive in environments with minimal water, such as deserts or ice- and snow-covered areas in the Alps or Arctic. Common examples of xerophytes include cacti, pineapples, and certain Gymnosperm plants.
Q11. Which of the following diseases is NOT caused by bacteria?
A. Typhoid
B. Influenza
C. Diptheria
D. Cholera
Ans.B
Exp. Influenza, often referred to as the flu, is an infectious disease caused by the influenza virus. Symptoms can range from mild to severe, with the most common ones being high fever, runny nose, sore throat, muscle aches, headache, coughing, sneezing, and fatigue.
Q12. Which one of the following is correctly matched?
A.Stanley –Pencillin
B.Alexander Fleming-AIDS
C.Robert Gallo-Tobacco Mosaic virus
D.Dmitry Ivanovsky-Discovery of virus
Ans.D
Exp.In 1892, Dmitry Ivanovsky used one of these filters to demonstrate that sap from a diseased tobacco plant could still infect healthy plants even after filtration. Martinus Beijerinck later referred to this filtered infectious agent as a “virus,” marking the foundation of virology.
Q13. Gymnosperms are
A. Closed seeded plants
B. Open seeded plants
C. Seedless plants
D. Herbaceous plants
Ans.B
Exp.Gymnosperms, called Acrogymnospermae, are a group of seed-producing plants encompassing conifers, cycads, Ginkgo, and gnetophytes.
Q14. Reduction division is
A. Amitosis
B. Mitoss
C. Nuclear division
D. Meiosis
Ans.D
Exp.Meiosis is a type of cell division that produces four daughter cells, each with half the chromosome number of the parent cell, typically occurring in the formation of gametes and plant spores.
Q15. The female sex organ of polytrichum is
A. Antheridium
B. Archegonium
C. Foot
D. Protonema
Ans.B
Exp.In Polytrichum, the male organs are more prominent than the female organs. The sperm travel through a film of moisture on the plant’s surface to reach the female organ, where fertilization of the egg occurs, leading to the formation of the sporophyte (which is not visible). The sporophyte develops on a stalk atop the gametophyte and generates new spores.
Q16. DNA model was first proposed by
A. Watson ana Paul
B. Watson and Crick
C. Robert Hooke
D. Robert Brown
Ans.B
Exp.In early 1953, he published a paper suggesting a triple-helical structure for DNA. Similarly, Watson and Crick developed a three-helical model in 1951, but their theory was incorrect.
Q17. Match List I correctly with List II and select your answer using the codes given below:
List-I
A. Chroloplast
B. Golgi complex
C. Endoplasmic
D. Protoplasm
List-II
1. Cellulose secretion
2. Photosynthesis
3. Metabolic activities
4. Protein Synthesis
A. A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2
B. A-2, B-3, C-4, D-1
C. A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3
D. A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1
Ans.C
Q18. Mendel did his hybridization experiments in this plant
A. Sweet pea plant
B. Pea plant
C. Tomato plant
D. Cotton plant
Ans.B
Exp.””Experiments on Plant Hybridization” is a groundbreaking paper authored by Gregor Mendel, an Augustinian friar regarded as the father of modern genetics. Written in 1865 and published in 1866, the paper was the culmination of years of research on genetic traits in the pea plant, Pisum sativum.
Q19. The Sun’s energy is fixed in the world by
A. Soil
B. Water
C. Green plants
D. Animals
Ans.C
Exp.The Sun is the primary source of nearly all energy in an ecosystem. However, not all the energy emitted by the Sun reaches Earth; in fact, only one billionth of the Sun’s total energy output arrives here. Of that energy, just under 34 percent is reflected into space by clouds.
Q20. Fixation of nitrogen in the soil is done by
A. Virus
B. Fungus
C. Bacteria
D. Protozoa
Ans.C
Exp.Nitrogen fixation is the process of converting atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia or other nitrogenous compounds. Atmospheric nitrogen exists as molecular dinitrogen, a relatively inert molecule that, with few exceptions, cannot be metabolized by most organisms.
Q21. Plasmodium belongs to this group
A. Protozoa
B. Virus
C. Bacteria
D. Fungus
Ans.A
Exp.Plasmodium is a genus of single-celled eukaryotes that act as obligate parasites in both vertebrates and insects. The life cycles of Plasmodium species include development within a blood-feeding insect host, which transmits the parasites to a vertebrate host during a blood meal.
Q22. Genes are located on
A. Chromosomes
B. Ribosome
C. Lysosome
D. Dictyosome
Ans.A
Exp.The complete set of genes within an organism or cell is referred to as its genome, which can be distributed across one or more chromosomes. A chromosome is made up of a single, extended DNA helix that encodes thousands of genes. The specific location of a gene on a chromosome is known as its locus.
Q23. Select the correct answer in the life cycle of a bryophyte
A. Spores – Fertilization Sporo phyte – Gametophyte
B. Gametophyte – Sporophyte Gametes – Fertilization
C. Gametophyte -Sporophyte Spores – Fertilization
D. Sporophyte – Gameto-Sporesphyte – Fertilization
Ans.B
Q24. Which one of the following is correctly matched?
A. Tuberculosis – Fungus
B. Cholera – Bacterium
C. Mumps – acteriophage
D. Tetanus – Virus
Ans.B
Exp.Cholera is a contagious disease that leads to severe watery diarrhea, potentially causing dehydration and death if not treated. It is caused by consuming food or water contaminated with the bacterium Vibrio cholerae.
Q25. The botanical name of Chikpea / Bengal gram is
A. Arachis hypogea
B. Pisum sativum
C. Cicer arietinum
D. Phaseolus mungo
Ans.C
Exp.The chickpea (Cicer arietinum) is an annual legume belonging to the Fabaceae family, subfamily Faboideae. Various names, including gram, Bengal gram, garbanzo, garbanzo bean, and Egyptian pea, are also known.
Q26. Select the correct order of stages in mitosis:
A. Metaphase, Prophase, Anaphase, Telophase
B. Prophase, Anaphase, Metaphase, Telophase
C. Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophose
D. Prophase, Telophase, Anaphase, Metaphase
Ans.C
Exp.Mitosis Is Divided into Well-Defined Phases : Prophase. Mitosis begins with prophase, during which chromosomes recruit condensin and begin to undergo a condensation process that will continue until metaphase. …Prometaphase. …Metaphase. …Anaphase. …Telophase and Cytokinesis.
Q27. A pure breeding Dwarf pea plant (tt) on hybridization with a pure breeding tall plant (TT) will produce dwarf and tall plants in the ratio (in F2 generation) of
A. 1 : 3
B. 3 : 1
C. 1 : 2 : 1
D. 9 : 3 : 3 : 1
Ans.B
Q28. The male sex organ of Chara is called as
A. Antheridium
B. Stamen
C. Nucule
D. Globule
Ans.A
Exp. The sex organs in Chara species are large and intricately organized. The male sex organs are referred to as antheridia or globules, while the female organs are known as oogonia or nucules. In most Chara species, which are homothallic, both male and female sex organs are located on the same nodes, as seen in C. zeylanica (Fig. 7).
Q29. Bacteria was first discovered by
A. Anton Van Leeuwenhoek
B. W. M.Stanley
C. Calvin
D. Robert Gallo
Ans.A
Exp.Antony Leeuwenhoek was the first to observe bacteria. In the late 1670s, he sent detailed descriptions and drawings of his observations of bacteria and algae to the Royal Society in London. Leeuwenhoek remained dedicated to scientific research throughout his life, making several significant discoveries.
Q30. Which one of the following is correctly matched?
A. Gnetum – Gymnosperm
B. Polytrichum – Alga
C. Chara – Pteriodophyte
D. Selaginella – Bryophyte
Ans.A
Exp. Gnetum is a genus of gymnosperms and the only genus in the family Gnetaceae and the order Gnetales. These plants are tropical evergreens, including trees, shrubs, and lianas. Unlike other gymnosperms, they have vessel elements in their xylem.
Q31. Which one of the following tissues conducts food material in plants?
A. Xylem
B. Phloem
C. Scierenchyma
D. Collenchyma
Ans.B
Exp.Phloem is the vascular tissue responsible for transporting sugars from source tissues, such as photosynthetic leaf cells, to sink tissues, like non-photosynthetic root cells or developing flowers. Additionally, other molecules, including proteins and mRNAs, are transported throughout the plant via the phloem.
Q32. Pencillin is a / an
A. Alkaloid
B. Resin
C. Antibiotic
D. Fungus
Ans.C
Exp.Penicillin is a group of antibiotics that includes penicillin G, penicillin V, procaine penicillin, and benzathine penicillin. These antibiotics were among the first to be effective against a variety of bacterial infections, particularly those caused by staphylococci and streptococci.
Q33. The energy needed by the living organism is ultimately obtained from
A. Sun
B. Water
C. Air
D. Petrol
Ans.A
Q34. In plants, water is conducted by
A. Parenchyma
B. Sclerenchyma
C. Phloem
D. Xylem
Ans.D
Exp. Xylem is one of the two transport tissues in vascular plants, with phloem being the other. Its primary function is to transport water from the roots to the stems and leaves, but it also carries nutrients.
Q35. Joint enzymes of DNA
A. RNA primers
B. Ligase
C. Polymerase
D. Allo enzymes
Ans.B
Exp. In biochemistry, a ligase is an enzyme that facilitates the joining of two large molecules by forming a new chemical bond. This process typically involves the hydrolysis of a small pendant chemical group on one of the larger molecules. Ligases catalyze the connection of two compounds, acting as a key catalyst in this process.
Q36. The weed which reached India as a contaminant of wheat imported ‘under PL480 scheme’ is
A. Lantona
B. Eichornia
C. Parthenium
D. Prosopis
Ans.C
Exp. Parthenium is a genus of North American shrubs in the sunflower tribe within the daisy family. It reached India as a weed along with importation of Wheat several decades back.
Q37. Tobacco contains a poisonous substance called
A. Endotoxin
B. Asprin
C. Nicotine
D. Caffeine
Ans.C
Exp.Nicotine is a chemical that contains nitrogen, which is made by several types of plants, including the tobacco plant. It is also produced synthetically. Nicotiana tabacum, the type of nicotine found in tobacco plants, comes from the nightshade family.
Q38. Palaeo botany deals with the study of
A. Fozzil plants
B. Rocks
C. Fozzil animals
D. Living plants
Ans.A
Exp. Paleobotany, also known as palaeobotany, is a branch of botany focused on recovering and identifying plant remains from geological contexts. It is used to reconstruct past environments (paleogeography) and to study the evolutionary history of plants, which provides insights into the overall evolution of life.
Q39. The work ‘Biosphere’ means
A. total assembly of all living organisms
B. only plants of the world
C. only animals of the world
D. only microorganism of the world
Ans.A
Exp.The biosphere also known as the ecosphere, is the worldwide sum of all ecosystems. It can also be termed the zone of life on Earth, a closed system, and largely self-regulating.
Q40. Microbial world was discovered in the year
A. 1763
B. 1367
C. 1673
D. 1662
Ans.C
Exp. Two Fellows of The Royal Society, Robert Hooke and Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, discovered the existence of microscopic organisms between 1665 and 83.
Q41. Gametophytes are
A. Haploid structures
B. Hamete producers
C. Prathalli
D. All the above
Ans.B
Exp.A gametophyte is one of the two alternating stages in the plant and algae life cycle. A haploid multicellular organism arises from a haploid spore containing a single set of chromosomes. The gametophyte represents the sexual phase in the life cycle of these organisms.
Q42. Presence of a cambium indicates
A. open vascular bundle
B. closed bundle
C. incomplete vascular bundle
D. broken vascular bundle
Ans.B
Exp. Note: A cambium, in plants, is a tissue layer that provides partially undifferentiated cells for plant growth. It is found in the area between xylem and phloem. It forms parallel rows of cells, which result in secondary tissues.
Q43. The Phyllotaxy of Gnetum is
A. opposite
B. ternate
C. alternate
D. decussate
Ans.A
Exp. In botany, phyllotaxis or phyllotaxy is the arrangement of leaves on a plant stem. Phyllotactic spirals form a distinctive class of patterns in nature. Charles Bonnet coined the term to describe the arrangement of leaves on a plant. Gnetum is a genus of gymnosperms, uniquely the only genus in the family Gnetaceae and the order Gnetales. These plants include tropical evergreen trees, shrubs, and lianas. Unlike other gymnosperms, they feature vessel elements in their xylem.
Q44. Match List I correctly with List II and select your answer using the codes given below:
List-I
A. Microsporophyll
B. Megasporophyll
C. Microspore
D. Megaspore
List-II
1. Ovule
2. Pollen
3. Stamen
4. Carpel
A. A-1, B-3, C-4, D-2
B. A-2, B-1, C-3, D-4
C. A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1
D. A-4, B-2, C-1, D-3
Ans.C
Q45. The sperm in Cycas is
A. biciliote and spirally coiled
B. biciliate and pyriform
C. top – shaped and multiciliate
D. top – shaped without cilia
Ans.C
Exp.Cycads, unlike other seed plants, have motile sperm that are notably large, reaching up to 300 µm. Upon germination, the tube nucleus enters the pollen tube, which then grows through and parasitizes the megasporangium. The generative cell eventually produces multiflagellate sperm cells.
Q46. Circinate venation of leaves is a typical character of
A. gymnosperms
B. ferns
C. pteridophytes in general
D. orchids
Ans.B
Exp.Circinate vernation refers to the way a fern frond unfolds as it grows. Long hairs or scales offer extra protection to the developing tips in many fronds before they unfurl entirely. This process can also be seen in the extension of leaflets in the compound leaves of Cycads.
Q47. All fungi are always
A. parasites
B. autotrophs
C. heterotrophs
D. saprophytes
Ans.C
Exp. A heterotroph is an organism that cannot manufacture its food by carbon fixation and, therefore, derives its nutrition intake from other sources of organic carbon, mainly plant or animal matter. In the food chain, heterotrophs are secondary and tertiary consumers.
Q48. Why blue-green algae are called cyanobacteria?
A. because they are prokaryotic
B. because they live in waterly mediun
C. because they have blue colour
D. because they are unicellular organisms
Ans.A
Exp. Because they are photosynthetic and aquatic, cyanobacteria are often called “blue-green algae”. This name is convenient for talking about organisms in the water that make their own food, but does not reflect any relationship between the cyanobacteria and other organisms called algae.
Q49. The gymnosperms resemble angiosperms in having
A. ciliated sperms
B. presence of archegonia
C. presence of ovule
D. presence of monoxylic wood
Ans.C
Q50. The disease caused by the fungus Colletotrichum falcatum is known as
A. downy mildew
B. leaf curl
C. red rot
D. blight disease
Ans.C
Exp.Red rot is the most common disease of sugarcane, caused by the fungus Colletotrichum falcatum Went. It causes severe loss in yield and quality of the susceptible cultivars in the Indian sub- continent.
Q51. Dendrochronology is the study of
A. height of a tree
B. diameter of a tree
C. age of a tree with the help of annual rings
D. countin the number of branches
Ans.C
Exp. Dendrochronology (or tree-ring dating) is the scientific method of dating tree rings (also called growth rings) to the exact year they were formed.
Q52. Clove is obtained from which of the plants parts given below?
A. stem
B. flower buds
C. leaves
D. roof
Ans.B
Exp. Cloves are the fragrant flower buds of the tree Syzygium aromaticum, belonging to the Myrtaceae family. Native to the Maluku Islands (also known as the Moluccas) in Indonesia, they are widely used as a spice.
Q53. Match List I correctly with List II and select your answer using the codes given below:
List-I
A. Riccia
B. Selaginella
C. Nephrolepis
D. Pinus
List-II
1. Monoecious
2. Homosporous
3. Heterosporous
4. Homothallic
A. A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1
B. A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2
C. A-1, B-3, C-4, D-2
D. A-2, B-1, C-3, D-4
Ans.A
Q54. Which of the algae given below grows sewage ponds?
A. Chlorella
B. Volvox
C. Gelidium
D. Ulua
Ans.A
Exp. Chlorella is a genus of single-celled green algae within the Chlorophyta division. It has a spherical shape, measuring approximately 2 to 10 μm in diameter, and lacks flagella. Chlorella’s chloroplasts contain the green photosynthetic pigments chlorophyll-a and chlorophyll-b.
Q55. Which of the plant groups mentioned below are popularly known as Amphibians of plant kingdom ?
A. bacteria
B. fungi
C. algae
D. bryophytes
Ans.D
Exp. Amphibians are creatures that inhabit both land and water. Bryophytes are the amphibians of the plant kingdom because, while they grow in soil, they require water for sexual reproduction. The sperm cells of bryophytes, known as antherozoids, are flagellated and rely on water to reach the eggs.
Q56. DNA double helical structure was described for the first time by
A. Beadle and Tautum
B. Mclntosch
C. Hargobind Khorana
D. Watson and Crick
Ans.D
Q57. Catalytically active enzyme is called
A. Holoenzyme
B. Coenzyme
C. Apoenzyme
D. Ribozyme
Ans.C
Exp. An apoenzyme is an inactive enzyme; the enzyme’s activation occurs upon binding an organic or inorganic cofactor. Holoenzyme- An apoenzyme together with its cofactor. A holoenzyme is complete and catalytically active.
Q58. Water droplets at the tip of the leaf are due to
A. Cuticular transpiration
B. Lenticular transpiration
C. Stomatal transpiration
D. Guttation
Ans.D
Exp. Guttation is the release of drops of xylem sap from the tips or edges of leaves in certain vascular plants, like grasses, and some fungi. It is distinct from dew, which forms through condensation from the atmosphere onto the plant’s surface.
Q59. Match List I correctly with List II and select your answer using the codes given below:
List-I
A. Cholera
B. Polio
C. Malaria
D. Dermatitis
List-II
1. Fungi
2. Protozoa
3. Virus
4. Bacteria
A. A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3
B. A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2
C. A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1
D. A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4
Ans.C
Q60. The age of a tree can be determined by
A. measuring the height
B. masuring its girth
C. counting the annual growth rings
D. measuring its diameter
Ans.C
Q61. The name Traveller’s palm refers to
A. Cocos nucifera
B. Musa sapientum
C. Revenala madagas cariensis
D. Heliconia
Ans.C
Q62. Phyllode is seen in the plant
A. Acacia melanoxylon
B. Acacia orabica
C. Acocia concinna
D. Acacia sundra
Ans.A
Q63. Polyploids can be artificially induced by
A. colchicine
B. cross – pollination
C. self – pollination
D. vegetative propagation
Ans.A
Q64. Parthenacarpy can be induced by
A.ABA
B.IAA
C.GA
D.C₂H₄
Ans.B
Q65. Raphanobrassica was discovered by
A.Karpachanko
B. Lysanko
C. Mendel
D. Brown
Ans.A
Q66. When FADH₂ is oxidised, the following number of ATP is produced
A.3
B.2
C.1
D.6
Ans.B
Q67. Half leaf experiment proves the essentiality of
A.O₂
B.CO₂
C.H₂O
D.HCO₂
Ans.B
Q68. The universal CO₂ acceptor molecule is called
A. RuBP
B. PEP
C. OAA
D. Acetyl CoA
Ans.D
Q69. In anoxygenic photosynthesis, which of the following takes part as electron donors?
A.H₂O
B.CO₂
C.H₃O
D.H₂S
Ans.D
Q70. Velamen root is found in
A. Spathoglotts
B. Vanda
C. Cuscuta
D. Pothos
Ans.B
Q71.Rosewood is obtained from
A. Dalbergia latifolia
B. Thespesia populnea
C. Mangifera indica
D. Delonix regia
Ans.A
Q72. Pencillin was invented by
A. J. Salk
B. Hooke
C. Alexander Fleming
D. E.Jenner
Ans.C
Q73. Spirulina which is a source of SCP is a
A. Blue green algae
B. Red algae
C. Fungus
D. Bacterium
Ans.A
Q74. Chlorophyll is formed in the presence of
A. Copper
B. Zinc
C. Aluminium
D. Magnesium
Ans.D
Q75. Hormone involved in phototropism is
A. Auxin
B. Gibbrellin
C. Kinetin
D. Vitamin
Ans.A
Q76. Who is the father of Genetics ?
Img.img_bot_gregor.jpg
A. Gregor Mendel
B. Hugo devries
C. Robert Hooke
D. Linnoeus
Ans.A
Exp.Gregor Johann Mendel was a scientist, Augustinian friar and abbot of St. Thomas’ Abbey in Brno, Margraviate of Moravia. Mendel was born in a German-speaking family in the Silesian part of the Austrian Empire and gained posthumous recognition as the founder of the modern science of genetics.
Q77. The main function of RNA is
A. carbohydrate synthesis
B. lipid synthesis
C. protein synthesis
D. no specific function
Ans.C
Exp.The primary role of RNA is to transfer information about the amino acid sequence from genes to the ribosomes, where proteins are assembled in the cytoplasm. This process is carried out by messenger RNA (mRNA). A single strand of DNA serves as the template for the mRNA, which is transcribed from that DNA strand.
Q78. An example of a Hesperidium is
A. Banana
B. Guava
C. Citrus
D. Grape
Ans.C
Exp.Hesperidium fruits are characterized by a leathery rind and tough, fibrous partitions between their carpels. Examples of hesperidium fruits include oranges, lemons, and grapefruits, all of which belong to the citrus family.
Q79. Which of these is antibiotic?
A. Penicillin
B. Terramycin
C. Aureomycin
D. All of these
Ans.D
Q80. The flow of genetic information from nucleic add to protein is called
A. processing of RNA
B. transcription
C. translation
D. central dogma
Ans.B
Exp. Transcription is the initial step in gene expression, where a gene’s DNA sequence is copied to produce an RNA molecule. This process is carried out by enzymes known as RNA polymerases, which assemble nucleotides to create an RNA strand, using a DNA strand as a template.
Q81. Mycoses are diseases caused by
Img.img_bot_myco.jpg
A. Mycobacteria
B. Fungi
C. Algae
D. Cyanobacteria
Ans.B
Exp.The organisms responsible for these diseases are known as dermatophytes, and the resulting conditions are often referred to as ringworm, dermatophytosis, or tinea. Dermatophytes specifically infect the skin, hair, and nails and are incapable of causing systemic, generalized fungal infections, even in individuals with compromised immune systems.
Q82. Which one of the following is NOT a correct pair in relation to function?
A.Golgi complex –breakdopwn of complex molecules
B.Mitochondria-Production of energy
C.Chromosomes-Vehicles of heredity
D.Chlorplast-Hill reaction
Ans.A
Q83. The parasitic algae is
A. Cephaleuros
B. Chlorella
C. Spirogyra
D. Chara
Ans.A
Exp.Cephaleuros is a genus of parasitic thalloid green algae comprising approximately 14 species. Its common name is red rust. Specimens can reach around 10 mm in size. Dichotomous branches are formed.
Q84. Vessels means
A. Cell wall
B. Cellulose
C. Closed wall
D. Opened wall
Ans.D
Exp.A vessel element, also known as a vessel member or trachea, is a type of cell found in xylem, the plant tissue responsible for water conduction. Vessel elements are common in flowering plants (angiosperms) but are generally absent in most gymnosperms, such as conifers.
Q85. The fruiting body namely, Cleistothecium is formed in
A. Peziza
B. Agaricus
C. Puccinia
D. Aspergillus
Ans.D
Q86. If the genetic name of the fossil plant ends with dendron or xylon it denotes
A. the leaf of the fossil
B. the stem of the fossil
C. the rotten residues of the fossil
D. the reproductive part of a fossil
Ans.B
Q87. Sewage treatment is carried out with the help of
A. Chlorella
B. Bacteria
C. Yeast
D. Blue green algae
Ans.A
Q88. Ikebana pertains to
A. Leaf arrangements
B. Floral arrangements
C. Plant arrangements
D. None of these
Ans.B
Q89. The first to isolate a plant virus is
A. W. M. Stanley
B. K. M. Smith
C. E. C. Stockmann
D. Iwanosky
Ans.A
Q90. Oxygen in the universe is replinished by
A. higher plant photosynthesis
B. bacterial photosynthesis
C. photolysis of water
D. chemosynthesis
Ans.D
Exp.Chemosynthesis is the biological process in which organisms convert carbon-containing molecules and nutrients into organic matter using energy derived from the oxidation of inorganic compounds or methane, instead of relying on sunlight as in photosynthesis.
Q91. In plants, the radial transport of food, water and mineral salts is performed by
A. medullary rays
B. vascular cambium
C. pith
D. secondary phloem
Ans.B
Exp.The vascular cambium is the main growth tissue in the stems and roots of many plants, gymnosperms such as pine trees, as well as in certain vascular plants. It produces secondary xylem inwards, towards the pith, and secondary phloem outwards, towards the bark.
Q92. Grafting cannot be practised in mono-cotyledonous plants because they
A. have very thin tissue
B. vascular combiums
C. have many vascular bundles
D. have endarch xylem
Ans.B
Q93. Mycology is the study of
A. Algae
B. Fungi
C. Bryophytes
D. Bacteria
Ans.B
Exp.Mycology is the branch of biology focused on studying fungi, covering their genetic and biochemical characteristics, classification, and their various uses by humans, including as tinder, traditional medicine, food, and entheogens. It also examines the potential hazards of fungi, such as toxicity and infections.
Q94. The group of plants containing algal and fungal partners association is called
Exp.img_bot_lichen.jpg
A. Thallophytes
B. Bryophytes
C. Pteridophytes
D. Lichens
Ans.D
Exp.Lichens are unique organisms, with no two being exactly the same. They represent a complex life form that results from a symbiotic relationship between two distinct organisms: a fungus and an alga. The fungus is the dominant partner, shaping most of the lichen’s features, including its thallus structure and fruiting bodies.
Q95. The largest cell found in plant kingdom is that of
Img.img_bot_acetabularia.jpg
A. Acetabularia
B. Pyricularia
C. Pinnularia
D. Crotalaria
Ans.A
Exp.Acetabularia, a genus of green algae in the family Polyphysaceae, is commonly found in subtropical waters. Although it is a single-celled organism, Acetabularia is unusually large and structurally complex, making it an ideal model organism for cell biology research.
Q96. Electron microscope was invented by
A. Robert Hooke
B. Watson and Crick
C. Jacob and Monad
D. Kn
Exp.The first prototype electron microscope, capable of four-hundred-power magnification, was developed in 1931 by the physicist Ernst Ruska and the electrical engineer Max Knoll. The apparatus was the first practical demonstration of the principles of electron microscopy.
Q97. Apple is
A. aggregate fruit
B. false fruit
C. true fruit
D. none of these
Ans.B
Exp.Fruits that develop from the ovary along with other accessory floral parts are known as false fruits. In contrast, true fruits arise solely from the ovary and do not include the thalamus or any other floral parts. For example, in an apple, the fleshy receptacle forms the primary edible portion, making it a false fruit.
Q98. Genes are located on the chromosomes in a
A. linear manner
B. scattered manner
C. circular manner
D. zig – zag manner
Ans.A
Q99. Soil erosion leads to
A. loss of water
B. loss of air
C. loss of vegetation
D. loss of animal life
Ans.C
Exp.Soil erosion is the wearing away of topsoil due to water, wind, or tillage. As the soil erodes, pesticides and other chemicals can become trapped within it, contaminating streams and rivers. Additionally, soil erosion can trigger mudslides and floods, compromising the structural integrity of buildings and roadways.
Q100. The plantused by Mendel in his early experiments was
A. Potato
B. Pea plant
C. Banano
D. Lemon
Ans.B